IELTS Writing Task 1 & 2 – Trọn Bộ 30 Bài Hướng Dẫn Chi Tiết (Nguyễn Huyền)

IELTS WRITING

Tai lieu hoc tap tong hop

Khoa hoc Nguyen Huyen – 30 bai giang

TASK 1: Line Graph | Pie Chart | Table | Bar Chart | Mixed Charts | Process | Map

TASK 2: Causes-Solutions | Problems-Solutions | Discuss & Opinion | Agree-Disagree | Positive-Negative | Advantages Outweigh | 2-Part Question

📚 MUC LUC

PHAN I – WRITING TASK 1

Chuong 1: Gioi thieu chung ve Task 1 (W01)

Chuong 2: Tu vung va cau truc mieu ta xu huong (W02)

Chuong 3: Cau truc so sanh trong Task 1 (W03)

Chuong 4: Line Graph – Qua khu (W04)

Chuong 5: Line Graph – Tuong lai (W05)

Chuong 6: Pie Chart – Khong co thoi gian (W06)

Chuong 7: Pie Chart – Co thoi gian (W07)

Chuong 8: Table – Khong co thoi gian (W08)

Chuong 9: Table – Co thoi gian (W09)

Chuong 10: Bar Chart – Khong co thoi gian (W10)

Chuong 11: Bar Chart – Co thoi gian (W11)

Chuong 12: Mixed Charts (W12)

Chuong 13: Mixed Charts – Tiep theo (W13)

Chuong 14: Process – Man-made (W14)

Chuong 15: Process – Natural (W15)

Chuong 16: Tu vung va cau truc cho dang Map (W16)

Chuong 17: Map (W17)

Chuong 18: Map – Tiep theo (W18)

PHAN II – WRITING TASK 2

Chuong 19: Gioi thieu chung ve Task 2 (W19)

Chuong 20: Cach lap dan y hieu qua (W20)

Chuong 21: Dang Causes – Solutions (W21)

Chuong 22: Dang Problems – Solutions (W22)

Chuong 23: Dang Discuss and Opinion (W23)

Chuong 24: Dang Agree or Disagree (W24)

Chuong 25: Dang Positive or Negative (W25)

Chuong 26: Dang Advantages Outweigh Disadvantages (W26)

Chuong 27: Dang 2-Part Question (W27)

Chuong 28: Cau truc quan trong trong Task 2 – Update (W28)

Chuong 29: Dang Agree or Disagree – Update (W29)

Chuong 30: Paraphrasing – Thay the (W30)

📚 PHAN I – IELTS WRITING TASK 1

Phan nay gom 18 bai giang (W01–W18), bao gom cac dang bieu do: Line Graph, Pie Chart, Table, Bar Chart, Mixed Charts, Process va Map.

🔹 Chuong 1: Gioi thieu chung ve IELTS Writing Task 1 (W01)

Bai hoc dau tien gioi thieu tong quan ve phan Writing Task 1 trong ky thi IELTS, bao gom cac thong tin co ban ve yeu cau de thi, cac loai bieu do va tieu chi cham diem.

▸ Thong tin co ban

– Thoi gian: 20 phut (tren tong 60 phut cua Writing)

– So tu toi thieu: 150 tu

– Yeu cau: Tom tat (summarise), chon loc va bao cao (select and report) cac thong tin chinh tu bieu do

– Khong dua y kien ca nhan vao bai viet

▸ 7 dang bieu do trong Task 1

STT Dang bieu do Ten tieng Anh Dac diem
1 Bieu do duong Line Graph The hien xu huong tang/giam theo thoi gian
2 Bieu do tron Pie Chart The hien ty le phan tram
3 Bieu do cot Bar Chart So sanh so lieu giua cac nhom
4 Bang so lieu Table Nhieu so lieu, can chon loc
5 Quy trinh Process Mo ta cac buoc (man-made hoac natural)
6 Ban do Map So sanh su thay doi cua mot khu vuc
7 Ket hop Mixed Charts Ket hop 2 dang bieu do tren

▸ 4 tieu chi cham diem (moi tieu chi 25%)

Tieu chi Noi dung Luu y
Task Achievement Hoan thanh yeu cau de bai Bao cao day du thong tin quan trong, khong dua y kien ca nhan, viet du 150 tu
Coherence & Cohesion Su mach lac va lien ket Cac cau noi voi nhau hop ly, thong tin to chuc tot, nhom thong tin hop ly
Lexical Resource Da dang tu vung Dung chinh xac tu dong nghia, collocation, tu vung chuyen nganh
Grammatical Range & Accuracy Da dang va chinh xac ngu phap Da dang cau don/phuc, dung thi, dung dau cau

▸ Cau truc bai viet Task 1 (4 doan)

Phan So cau Noi dung
Mo bai (Introduction) 1 cau Paraphrase lai de bai bang tu dong nghia
Tong quan (Overview) 2 cau Neu 2 diem noi bat nhat, KHONG dua so lieu cu the
Than bai 1 (Body 1) 3–5 cau Mo ta nhom so lieu thu nhat voi so lieu cu the
Than bai 2 (Body 2) 3–5 cau Mo ta nhom so lieu thu hai voi so lieu cu the
⚠️ LUU Y QUAN TRONG: Task 1 KHONG co phan ket luan (conclusion). Thay vao do, phan Tong quan (Overview) duoc dat ngay sau mo bai. Tong bai khoang 8–9 cau, khoang 150+ tu.

🔹 Chuong 2: Tu vung va cau truc mieu ta xu huong (W02)

Day la bai hoc cuc ky quan trong vi cac cong thuc va tu vung hoc trong bai nay duoc ap dung cho 4/6 dang bieu do (Line Graph, Bar Chart co thoi gian, Pie Chart co thoi gian, Table co thoi gian).

▸ A. Tang (Increase)

Dong tu Qua khu (V2) Danh tu
increase increased increase
climb climbed climb
rise rose rise
grow grew growth

▸ Trang tu chi muc do tang

Muc do Trang tu (adverb) Tinh tu (adjective)
Tang rat manh dramatically, enormously dramatic, enormous
Tang manh significantly, considerably, sharply significant, considerable, sharp
Tang nhe slightly, minimally slight, minimal
Tang lien tuc constantly, consistently constant, consistent
Tang dan dan gradually, steadily gradual, steady

▸ 3 cong thuc viet cau xu huong

💡 CONG THUC 1 (Dong tu): The number of X + V(tang/giam) + trang tu + from … to …
Vi du: The number of students increased gradually from about 2 to around 10.
💡 CONG THUC 2 (Danh tu): There was a/an + tinh tu + danh tu (tang/giam) + in + the number of X + from … to …
Vi du: There was a gradual increase in the number of students from about 2 to around 10.
💡 CONG THUC 3 (Thoi gian lam chu ngu): The period from … to … + saw/witnessed + a/an + tinh tu + danh tu + in + the number of X
Vi du: The period from 1990 to 1993 witnessed a gradual increase in the number of students.

▸ Cach dua so lieu

– from around 2 to about 10 Tu diem thap nhat toi cao nhat:

– Dung “approximately / about / around” truoc so lieu uoc luong

– Doi “from…to…” thanh “between…and…” de tranh lap lai

– So lieu chinh xac: dung gioi tu “at” (vi du: at 7, at 8)

▸ B. Giam (Decrease)

Dong tu Qua khu (V2) Danh tu
decrease decreased decrease
decline declined decline
drop dropped drop
fall fell fall

Ap dung tuong tu 3 cong thuc nhu phan Tang.

▸ C. Dao dong (Fluctuate)

– fluctuate (fluctuated) Dong tu:

– vary (varied) Dong tu:

– fluctuation / variation Danh tu:

– between 1.7% and 2.3% Dua so lieu dao dong:

▸ D. Giu on dinh (Remain stable)

– remain stable / remain unchanged

– stay stable / stay unchanged

– Them trang tu “relatively” (tuong doi): remained relatively stable

– dung gioi tu “at” (vi du: at around 5) Dua so lieu on dinh:

⚠️ PHAN BIET: Tang/Giam dung from…to… con On dinh dung at + so lieu.

▸ E. The hien 1 diem (Dong tu “to be”)

– In 1990, the number of X was 10.

– Diem dau: start at (around 10)

– Diem cuoi: end at (around 15)

– Dat cao nhat: reach a peak of / peak at (20)

– Dat thap nhat: hit a low of (5)

⚠️ LUU Y GIOI TU: start at, end at (dung “at”) nhung reach a peak OF, hit a low OF (dung “of”).

🔹 Chuong 3: Cau truc so sanh trong Task 1 (W03)

▸ A. Noi 2 cau cung xu huong

💡 Cau 1. Similarly, / Likewise, + Cau 2
Vi du: The number of X increased to 600. Similarly, the number of Y also rose to 790.

▸ B. Noi 2 cau trai xu huong

💡 Cau 1. By contrast, / In contrast, + Cau 2
Vi du: The number of X increased to 600. By contrast, the number of Y decreased to 200.

▸ C. So sanh 2 ve trong 1 cau

💡 Ve 1, while/whereas + Ve 2
Vi du: In 1990, the number of X increased to 600, while the number of Y decreased to 200.
LUU Y: Truoc “while” phai co dau phay.

▸ D. So sanh nhat (Superlative)

– Cao nhat: was the highest (nho them “the” truoc)

– Thap nhat: was the lowest

– Vi du: The number of cars was the highest in 1990.

▸ E. So sanh hon (Comparative)

– Cao hon nhieu: was significantly higher than

– Cao hon mot chut: was slightly higher than

– Thap hon nhieu: was significantly lower than

– Thap hon mot chut: was slightly lower than

– Dung “that of” de thay the danh tu lap lai: The figure for X was higher than that of Y.

▸ F. So sanh bang

– A was the same as B

– The figures for X and Y were similar / the same

▸ G. Luu y ve danh tu dem duoc / khong dem duoc

– Dem duoc (so nhieu): “the number of” + danh tu so nhieu (cars, students…)

– Khong dem duoc: “the amount of” + danh tu khong dem duoc (water, money…)

🔹 Chuong 4–5: Line Graph – Bieu do duong (W04–W05)

▸ Tong quan ve Line Graph

Line Graph la dang pho bien nhat trong Task 1. Bieu do duong the hien su thay doi cua so lieu theo thoi gian. Co 2 loai chinh:

– Line Graph (Past): Chi co so lieu trong qua khu – dung thi qua khu don

– Line Graph (Future): Co ca qua khu va tuong lai – phan tuong lai dung cong thuc du doan

▸ Cach viet Mo bai

💡 Mo bai = Paraphrase de bai
– Doi ten bieu do: “The graph” -> “The line graph”
– Bo “below” (vi bai viet khong co hinh ben duoi)
– Doi dong tu: “shows” -> “compares / indicates / illustrates”
– Doi cum tu: dung tu dong nghia
Vi du: “electricity production” -> “the production of electricity”

▸ Cach viet Tong quan (Overview)

– Bat dau bang “Overall, …”

– Nhin cac duong: duong nao cao nhat? thap nhat? Xu huong chung?

– KHONG dua so lieu cu the vao phan tong quan

– Chi neu 2 diem noi bat nhat

▸ Cach chia than bai

– Theo duong: Body 1 viet 2 duong, Body 2 viet 2 duong con lai

– Theo nam: Body 1 nua dau (VD 1980–2000), Body 2 nua sau (2000–2012)

– Doi voi bai co tuong lai: Body 1 = qua khu, Body 2 = tuong lai

▸ Cong thuc du doan (cho phan tuong lai)

✅ S + is/are + predicted/expected/projected/forecast + to + V
Vi du: The number of car users is predicted to increase to 9 million.
Hoac: S + is/are predicted to become …

▸ Cong thuc “vuot qua”

💡 A + overtook + B + to become + the primary source of …
Vi du: Nuclear energy overtook thermal power to become the primary source of electricity.
⚠️ MEO: Khi viet than bai, luon bat dau bang so lieu nam dau tien, sau do mieu ta xu huong va cac diem noi bat. Lien tuc thay doi cong thuc (1, 2, 3) de da dang cau truc.

🔹 Chuong 6–7: Pie Chart – Bieu do tron (W06–W07)

▸ Dac diem cua Pie Chart

– Khong co thoi gian (W06): KHONG ap dung cong thuc tang/giam, chi dung cong thuc SO SANH (cao/thap)

– Co thoi gian (W07): Ap dung ca cong thuc tang/giam VA so sanh

▸ Tu vung ve ty le phan tram

Tieng Viet Tieng Anh
Chiem … % account for / make up / represent … %
Ty le the proportion of / the percentage of
Ty le cao nhat the highest proportion / the largest percentage
Ty le thap nhat the smallest proportion / the lowest percentage
Phan lon the vast majority of

▸ Cac cach dien dat cung mot y

✅ Y: “60% nuoc dung cho linh vuc dan cu”

1. Domestic water use accounted for 60%.
2. About 60% of water was used for the residential sector.
3. The residential sector consumed approximately 60% of the total water use.
4. The vast majority of water was used for the residential sector.

-> Moi cach dien dat dung cau truc khac nhau de ghi diem!

▸ Cach viet Tong quan cho Pie Chart

– Nhin phan nao LON NHAT va NHO NHAT trong tung bieu do

– Dung “By contrast” hoac “In contrast” de noi 2 cau trai xu huong

▸ Cach chia than bai

– Body 1: Viet ve nhung phan LON NHAT hoac NHO NHAT (noi bat)

– Body 2: Viet ve nhung phan TRUNG BINH (khong noi bat)

▸ Cong thuc tang gap boi (Pie Chart co thoi gian)

💡 Tang gap doi: increase twofold / double
Tang gap ba: increase threefold / triple
Tang gap 4: increase fourfold
Tang gap N: increase N-fold
Vi du: This figure increased fourfold to 8% in 2001.

🔹 Chuong 8–9: Table – Bang so lieu (W08–W09)

▸ Dac diem cua Table

– Co rat nhieu so lieu -> Can CHON LOC so lieu noi bat nhat

– Khong co thoi gian (W08): Dung cau truc so sanh

– Co thoi gian (W09): Dung ca tang/giam va so sanh

▸ Cach rut Tong quan tu Table

– Nhin theo HANG: Xem so nao lon nhat, nho nhat trong moi hang

– Nhin theo COT: Xem so nao lon nhat, nho nhat trong moi cot

– Neu co cot/hang TONG: Uu tien nhin cot/hang tong

▸ Cach chon so lieu

⚠️ Chi chon nhung so lieu NOI BAT NHAT (lon nhat, nho nhat, chenh lech lon). KHONG can neu tat ca so lieu. Moi body nen co khoang 3–5 so lieu.

▸ Tu vung ve chi tieu (Spending)

Tieng Viet Tieng Anh
Chi tieu cho… spending on / expenditure on
Ty le chi tieu the proportion of spending on
Ty le ngan sach chi cho… the proportion of budget spent on
Chi nhieu nhat cho… spend the most (money) on…
Chi it nhat cho… spend the least (money) on…
⚠️ LUU Y GIOI TU: Spending/expenditure di voi gioi tu ON (khong phai FOR).

🔹 Chuong 10–11: Bar Chart – Bieu do cot (W10–W11)

▸ Dac diem cua Bar Chart

– Khong co thoi gian (W10): Dung cau truc so sanh

– Co thoi gian (W11): Dung ca tang/giam va so sanh

▸ Cach rut Tong quan tu Bar Chart

– So sanh cac khoang muc voi nhau: Khoang muc nao noi bat nhat?

– So sanh cac mau sac (quoc gia/nhom) trong tung khoang muc

– Neu co xu huong chung -> ghi vao tong quan

▸ Cach chia than bai

– Nhom cac cot co CUNG KIEU TRANG (VD: mau cam cao hon mau xanh) vao 1 body

– Nhom cac cot con lai vao body 2

▸ Cong thuc gap doi

💡 A was (almost/over) double that of B
= Gia tri cua A gap (gan/hon) doi gia tri cua B
Vi du: Expenditure on cameras in the UK was over double that of France.

▸ Cong thuc “luong tuong tu”

💡 A saw a rise of … . Meanwhile, B saw a similar amount of increase.
= B cung tang mot luong tuong tu.

🔹 Chuong 12–13: Mixed Charts – Bieu do ket hop (W12–W13)

▸ Dac diem

– De cho 2 bieu do khac loai (VD: Pie Chart + Table, Line Graph + Table)

– Body 1 viet bieu do thu nhat, Body 2 viet bieu do thu hai

– Tong quan: Rut 1 diem noi bat tu moi bieu do

▸ Mo bai

💡 Mo bai phai gioi thieu CA HAI bieu do.
Vi du: The pie chart illustrates … while the table shows …
Hoac: The charts compare …

▸ Cong thuc “xu huong nguoc lai”

💡 The opposite trend can be seen when we look at …
= Xu huong nguoc lai co the duoc nhin thay khi xem xet …

🔹 Chuong 14–15: Process – Quy trinh (W14–W15)

▸ 2 loai Process

– Quy trinh san xuat, tai che… (W14) Man-made (nhan tao):

– Vong doi cua dong vat, quy trinh tu nhien… (W15) Natural (tu nhien):

▸ Dan mau bai Process (Man-made)

Phan Cong thuc
Mo bai The diagram illustrates the process of + V-ing …
Tong quan Overall, there are … main steps in this process, beginning with … and ending with …
Than bai 1 In the first stage of the process, … After that, … Next, …
Than bai 2 In the next stage of the process, … Following this, … Finally, …

▸ Dan mau bai Process (Natural – Vong doi)

Phan Cong thuc
Mo bai The diagram illustrates the different stages in the life of + ten con vat
Tong quan Overall, there are … main stages in the development of …, from … to …
Than bai 1 In the first stage of the life cycle, … After that, …
Than bai 2 In the next stage of the life cycle, … The life cycle starts again.

▸ Tu vung quan trong cho Process

Tieng Viet Tieng Anh
Duoc thu thap be collected
Duoc van chuyen toi be transported to / be delivered to
Duoc rua sach be washed (to remove any impurity)
Duoc phan loai be sorted (by colour/size)
Duoc dap thanh manh nho be crushed into tiny pieces
Duoc dun nong be heated at high temperatures
Duoc tron voi be mixed with
Duoc duc khuon be moulded into
Duoc lam day voi be filled with
Duoc dong goi be packaged
Trung no thanh… hatch into…
Lot da / thay da shed skin / moult
Tang truong ve kich thuoc grow in size
Phat trien thanh… develop into…
Dat truong thanh reach full maturity
Trai qua thay doi experience physical changes
⚠️ LUU Y: Bai Process chu yeu dung THE BI DONG (passive voice). Moi buoc trong quy trinh thuong bat dau bang “S + is/are + V3 (past participle)”.

🔹 Chuong 16–18: Tu vung va bai Map (W16–W18)

▸ Tu vung ve dan so

💡 1. The population of [dia diem] is [so lieu].
2. [Dia diem] has a population of [so lieu].
3. [Dia diem] has [so lieu] inhabitants/people.

▸ Tu vung ve tuyen duong

💡 The main road runs through / passes through / goes through [dia diem] from [huong] to [huong].
Vi du: The main road runs through Lakeside from north to south.

▸ Vi tri va huong

Huong Tieng Anh Cum tu vi tri
Bac North in the north of
Nam South in the south of
Dong East in the east of
Tay West in the west of
Tay Bac Northwest in the northwest of
Dong Bac Northeast in the northeast of
Trung tam Centre in the middle/central part of

– Vi tri: is located in / is situated in / lies in / is in

▸ Cac cong thuc chi su thay doi trong Map

Su thay doi Cong thuc (bi dong) Dong nghia
Giu nguyen remained unchanged / still existed
Mo rong was extended / was expanded / was widened became bigger
Keo dai was lengthened
Thu hep was narrowed / became smaller
Rut ngan was shortened
Pha bo va thay the was demolished and replaced by… / was destroyed to make way for… was knocked down
Xay moi tren vi tri cu A was built/constructed to replace B / was constructed on the original site of B
Chat rung thay the The woodland was cleared and replaced by… was cut down / was chopped down
Di chuyen was moved to / was relocated to
Xay moi A new … was built/constructed (to the east of…)
Bien mat disappeared / was demolished
Noi lai A merged with B (to become…)
💡 THEM MUC DO: significantly (nhieu) hoac slightly (it) truoc dong tu de chi muc do thay doi.
Vi du: was significantly expanded / was slightly narrowed

▸ Dan mau bai Map

Phan Cong thuc
Mo bai The maps illustrate the changes that took place in [dia diem] over a period of [so] years.
Tong quan Overall, [dia diem] experienced considerable changes. The main difference is the expansion of… and the disappearance of…
Than bai 1 As can be seen from the map, … remained unchanged. … was demolished to make way for …
Than bai 2 When it comes to the remaining features, … The industrial area was significantly expanded…
⚠️ LUU Y VE THI:
– Ca 2 map trong qua khu: dung QUA KHU DON
– 1 map qua khu + 1 map hien tai: qua khu dung QUA KHU DON, hien tai dung HIEN TAI DON
– Tong quan co qua khu + hien tai: dung HIEN TAI HOAN THANH (has/have + V3)
📚 PHAN II – IELTS WRITING TASK 2

Phan nay gom 12 bai giang (W19–W30), bao gom cac dang bai luan: Causes-Solutions, Problems-Solutions, Discuss & Opinion, Agree-Disagree, Positive-Negative, Advantages Outweigh Disadvantages, 2-Part Question, cac cau truc quan trong va ky thuat paraphrasing.

🔹 Chuong 19: Gioi thieu chung ve Writing Task 2 (W19)

▸ Thong tin co ban

– Thoi gian khuyen nghi: 40 phut (chiem 2/3 diem Writing)

– So tu toi thieu: 250 tu

– Viet theo dang: Mo bai – Than bai 1 – Than bai 2 – Ket bai

▸ Cau truc chung Task 2 (4 doan)

Phan So cau Noi dung
Mo bai 2 cau Cau 1: Paraphrase de bai. Cau 2: Tra loi yeu cau de bai.
Than bai 1 ~5 cau Luan diem 1 voi chung cu va vi du
Than bai 2 ~5 cau Luan diem 2 voi chung cu va vi du
Ket bai 1 cau Tom tat y chinh (paraphrase lai mo bai)

▸ 4 tieu chi cham diem

Tieu chi Noi dung
Task Response Tra loi day du yeu cau de bai, co luan diem ro rang
Coherence & Cohesion Lien ket mach lac, dung tu noi hop ly
Lexical Resource Tu vung da dang, chinh xac, khong lap lai
Grammatical Range & Accuracy Ngu phap da dang va chinh xac, dung thi dung cau

▸ 7 dang de Task 2

STT Dang de Yeu cau
1 Causes – Solutions Neu nguyen nhan va de xuat giai phap
2 Problems – Solutions Neu van de va de xuat giai phap
3 Discuss and Opinion Thao luan 2 quan diem va dua y kien
4 Agree or Disagree Dong y hay khong dong y voi nhan dinh
5 Positive or Negative Xu huong tich cuc hay tieu cuc
6 Advantages Outweigh Disadvantages Loi ich lon hon bat loi hay khong
7 2-Part Question Tra loi 2 cau hoi rieng biet

🔹 Chuong 20: Cach lap dan y hieu qua (W20)

▸ Khi chi co 1 y tuong cho moi body

💡 Cach trien khai 5 cau tu 1 y tuong:
Cau 1: Neu y tuong chinh
Cau 2: Giai thich (tai sao?)
Cau 3: Giai thich tiep (hau qua la gi?)
Cau 4: Neu vi du cu the
Cau 5: Cau chot / ket qua cua vi du

▸ Cach trien khai khac: Di nguoc lai

💡 Cau 1: Neu y tuong chinh
Cau 2: Giai thich
Cau 3: Di NGUOC LAI – Neu dieu nguoc lai xay ra thi sao?
Cau 4: Vi du
Cau 5: Cau chot

▸ Khi co 2 y tuong

– Moi y tuong + 1 cau giai thich/vi du + 1 cau chot = 5 cau

▸ Khi co 3 y tuong (thuong gap o phan giai phap)

✅ Cau gioi thieu: There are several actions that could be taken to …
Y tuong 1: Firstly, …
Y tuong 2: Secondly, …
Y tuong 3: Finally, …
Cau chot: By implementing these measures, …

🔹 Chuong 21–22: Dang Causes–Solutions va Problems–Solutions (W21–W22)

▸ Dan mau chung cho 2 dang nay

Phan Cau truc Vi du
Mo bai – Cau 1 Paraphrase de bai Childhood obesity has become a serious public health challenge in many nations.
Mo bai – Cau 2 This essay will look at some primary causes of this and suggest several possible solutions.
Than bai 1 – Gioi thieu There are a number of reasons for + van de There are a number of reasons for the rising levels of childhood obesity.
Than bai 1 – Ly do 1 The first/main reason is …
Than bai 1 – Ly do 2 Another reason is …
Than bai 2 – Gioi thieu There are several actions that could be taken to mitigate/deal with the problem mentioned above.
Than bai 2 – GP 1 Firstly, it is important for … to …
Than bai 2 – GP 2 Secondly, …
Than bai 2 – GP 3 Finally, …
Ket bai In conclusion, there are various factors leading to [van de] and measures can be implemented to tackle this issue.

▸ Phan biet Causes–Solutions va Problems–Solutions

Causes–Solutions (W21) Problems–Solutions (W22)
De bai hoi Nguyen nhan + Giai phap Van de/Anh huong + Giai phap
Body 1 Neu NGUYEN NHAN Neu VAN DE / ANH HUONG
Body 2 De xuat GIAI PHAP De xuat GIAI PHAP
Mo bai cau 2 (Causes) This essay will look at some primary causes…
Mo bai cau 2 (Problems) Undoubtedly there will be negative consequences… however solutions can be found…

🔹 Chuong 23: Dang Discuss and Opinion (W23)

▸ Nhan biet dang de

De bai thuong co: “Some people think that… Others believe that… Discuss both views and give your own opinion.”

▸ Dan mau

Phan Cau truc
Mo bai – Cau 1 It is argued that / Some people argue that + quan diem 1
Mo bai – Cau 2 In my opinion, however, + quan diem minh dong y
Body 1 (Quan diem minh KHONG dong y) On the one hand, there are a number of reasons why some think that [X,Y,Z]. The first reason is… Another reason is…
Body 2 (Quan diem minh DONG Y) On the other hand, I would argue that [A,B,C]. Firstly, … Secondly, …
Ket bai In conclusion, although some people think that [X,Y,Z], I personally believe that [A,B,C].
⚠️ QUAN TRONG: Du dong y voi quan diem nao, phai THAO LUAN CA HAI quan diem. Body 1 noi ve quan diem minh KHONG dong y. Body 2 noi ve quan diem minh DONG Y.

🔹 Chuong 24 + 29: Dang Agree or Disagree (W24 + W29)

▸ Nhan biet dang de

De bai thuong cho mot nhan dinh va hoi: “To what extent do you agree or disagree?” hoac “Do you agree or disagree?”

▸ 3 cach tra loi

Cach Mo bai – Cau 2 Body 1 Body 2
Hoan toan DONG Y I completely agree with this point of view. Ly do dong y 1 Ly do dong y 2
Hoan toan KHONG dong y I totally disagree with this point of view. Ly do khong dong y 1 Ly do khong dong y 2
Dong y MOT PHAN While I accept that [A], I also believe that [B]. Tai sao dong y voi A (phan nao) Tai sao minh lai nghi B
⚠️ LUU Y VE TASK RESPONSE: Neu de bai co NHIEU nhan dinh (VD: X gay anh huong xau VA X nen bi gioi han), phai tra loi TAT CA cac nhan dinh. Neu chi tra loi 1 phan, se bi tru diem Task Response.

▸ Vi du bai hoan toan khong dong y (W29)

✅ De: “Society would benefit from a ban on all forms of advertising because it serves no useful purpose and can be damaging. Do you agree or disagree?”

Mo bai: … I totally disagree with this point of view.
Body 1: The advertising industry creates jobs + contributes to tax revenue.
Body 2: Advertising provides useful information + enriches knowledge.
Ket bai: A total ban would be detrimental to society. Advertising serves many useful purposes.

▸ Vi du bai dong y mot phan (W29 update)

✅ De: “The best way to solve environmental problems is to increase the cost of fuel.”

Mo bai: While I accept that this measure could have some effects in the short run, I also believe that raising public awareness is the best approach.
Body 1: Tai sao tang gia nhien lieu co hieu qua ngan han (cong ty tim nang luong thay the, nguoi dan di phuong tien cong cong)
Body 2: Tai sao day khong phai giai phap tot nhat (gia nhien lieu da tang nhieu ma xe van tang) + Nang cao y thuc moi la giai phap tot nhat
Ket bai: While increasing fuel costs can somewhat contribute, raising public awareness is the most appropriate solution.

🔹 Chuong 25: Dang Positive or Negative (W25)

▸ Nhan biet

De bai cho mot xu huong va hoi: “Is this a positive or negative development?”

▸ 3 cach tra loi

– Hoan toan TICH CUC: “I personally believe that this trend is totally positive/beneficial.”

– Hoan toan TIEU CUC: “I believe that this trend is totally negative/harmful/detrimental.”

– VUA tich cuc VUA tieu cuc: “This trend has both benefits and drawbacks.”

▸ Dan mau (vua tich cuc vua tieu cuc)

Phan Cau truc
Body 1 – Tieu cuc There are two major drawbacks of [xu huong]. The first drawback is… Another negative effect is…
Body 2 – Tich cuc Despite the disadvantages above, I think that [xu huong] brings many benefits. Firstly, … Secondly, …
Ket bai In conclusion, [xu huong] has both positive and negative effects.

🔹 Chuong 26: Dang Advantages Outweigh Disadvantages (W26)

▸ Nhan biet

De bai hoi: “Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?”

▸ Dan mau (loi ich lon hon bat loi)

Phan Cau truc
Mo bai – Cau 2 Although there are some obvious disadvantages of this trend, I believe that these are outweighed by the benefits.
Body 1 On the one hand, there are a number of major drawbacks when … The first drawback is … Another negative effect is …
Body 2 On the other hand, I personally think that the benefits are more significant. Firstly, … Secondly, … Finally, …
Ket bai In conclusion, I would argue that [xu huong] brings more benefits than drawbacks.

🔹 Chuong 27: Dang 2-Part Question (W27)

▸ Nhan biet

De bai co 2 cau hoi rieng biet. Vi du: “What changes have occurred? Do you think these changes are positive or negative?”

▸ Dan mau

Phan Cau truc
Mo bai – Cau 1 Paraphrase de bai
Mo bai – Cau 2 There are some important changes that have taken place and I believe these changes are both beneficial and detrimental.
Body 1 Tra loi CAU HOI 1 (VD: Nhung thay doi la gi?)
Body 2 Tra loi CAU HOI 2 (VD: Tich cuc hay tieu cuc?)
Ket bai Tom tat ca 2 cau tra loi
⚠️ LUU Y: Phai tra loi DAY DU ca 2 cau hoi. Neu cau hoi 1 co 2 ve (VD: cau truc gia dinh VA vai tro thanh vien), phai tra loi ca 2 ve.

🔹 Chuong 28: Cac cau truc quan trong trong Task 2 (W28)

▸ A. Cau truc chi NGUYEN NHAN

💡 CACH 1 – A gay ra B (chu dong):
– A causes B
– A leads to B
– A results in B
– A contributes to B

Vi du: Deforestation causes global warming.

CACH 2 – B bi gay ra boi A (bi dong):
– B is caused by A
– B results from A

Vi du: Global warming is caused by increased CO2 in the atmosphere.

CACH 3 – Nguyen nhan chinh gay ra B la A:
– One of the primary reasons FOR B is A
– One of the primary causes OF B is A

LUU Y: “reason” di voi FOR, “cause” di voi OF

▸ B. Cau truc chi GIAI PHAP

💡 CACH 1: It is necessary/important for somebody to do something.
Vi du: It is necessary for the government to spend more money on education.

CACH 2: One of the most effective solutions to tackle this problem is for somebody to do something.

CACH 3 (bi dong): More money should be spent on education.

▸ C. Cau truc chi ANH HUONG

💡 ANH HUONG XAU:
– A has a negative/severe/adverse/harmful/detrimental effect on B
– A negatively/adversely/severely affects B

ANH HUONG TOT:
– A has a positive/beneficial effect on B
– A positively/beneficially affects B

LUU Y: “effect” (danh tu) >< "affect" (dong tu)

▸ Tu dong nghia quan trong

Tu goc Dong nghia
negative severe, adverse, harmful, detrimental
positive beneficial, favourable
effect (n) impact, consequence
affect (v) impact, influence
cause (v) lead to, result in, contribute to
reason (n) cause, factor
solution (n) measure, action, approach
solve (v) tackle, address, deal with, mitigate
important necessary, essential, vital, crucial
problem (n) issue, challenge, concern
increase (v) rise, grow, climb
decrease (v) decline, drop, fall, reduce

🔹 Chuong 30: Paraphrasing – Ky thuat thay the (W30)

▸ Tai sao can paraphrase?

Paraphrasing la ky nang then chot de ghi diem cao ve Lexical Resource. Can paraphrase o Mo bai (viet lai de bai), Ket bai (viet lai mo bai), va xuot bai (tranh lap tu).

▸ 5 ky thuat paraphrase

💡 1. DUNG TU DONG NGHIA
children -> kids, young people, youngsters
solve -> tackle, address, deal with
country -> nation
problem -> issue, challenge
💡 2. DOI CAU TRUC NGU PHAP
“People tend to work longer hours” -> “Working long hours has become increasingly common”
(Doi chu ngu + doi dong tu)
💡 3. DOI CHU DONG <-> BI DONG
“The government should spend more money” -> “More money should be spent by the government”
💡 4. DOI LOAI TU
increase (v) -> increase (n) / increasing (adj)
Vi du: “X increased” -> “There was an increase in X” -> “increasing X”
💡 5. DOI TRAT TU CAU
“In many countries, childhood obesity is becoming a problem”
-> “Childhood obesity has become a serious challenge in many nations”

▸ Vi du paraphrase toan bo de bai

De goc Paraphrase
People tend to work longer hours nowadays Working long hours has become increasingly common in today’s society
childhood obesity the rising levels of childhood obesity
in many countries in many nations / worldwide
is becoming a serious problem has become a serious public health challenge
the cost of fuel fuel prices
the best way the most effective solution
environmental problems environmental issues
📚 TONG KET KHOA HOC

🔹 Nhung luu y chung cho ca Task 1 va Task 2

⚠️ DANH SACH KIEM TRA TRUOC KHI NOP BAI:
1. Du so tu? (Task 1: 150+, Task 2: 250+)
2. Co paraphrase de bai o mo bai khong?
3. Co Overview/Conclusion khong?
4. Co dung da dang cau truc va tu vung khong?
5. Co lap lai tu ngu qua nhieu khong?
6. Co loi ngu phap (thi, dau cau, chu vi) khong?
7. Co dung dung collocation khong?
8. Task 1: Co dua so lieu vao than bai khong? (KHONG dua vao Overview)
9. Task 2: Co tra loi DAY DU yeu cau de bai khong?

🔹 Bang tom tat cau truc moi dang de Task 2

Dang de Body 1 Body 2 Luu y dac biet
Causes–Solutions Nguyen nhan Giai phap Giai phap phai lien quan nguyen nhan
Problems–Solutions Van de/Anh huong Giai phap Neu anh huong len ca nhan va xa hoi
Discuss & Opinion Quan diem khong dong y Quan diem dong y Phai thao luan CA HAI
Agree/Disagree Ly do 1 Ly do 2 Tra loi TAT CA nhan dinh trong de
Positive/Negative Mat tieu cuc Mat tich cuc Hoac chi 1 mat (tuy cach tra loi)
Adv. Outweigh Disadv. Bat loi Loi ich (nhieu hon) Phai the hien RO loi ich > bat loi
2-Part Question Tra loi cau hoi 1 Tra loi cau hoi 2 Phai tra loi DAY DU 2 cau hoi

– Het –

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